🐄 1. Cow Rearing (Dairy Farming)
Major Indigenous Breeds and Average Milk Production
| Breed | Origin | Average Milk (liters/day) |
|---|---|---|
| Gir | Gujarat | 12–20 |
| Sahiwal | Punjab | 8–15 |
| Rathi | Rajasthan (Bikaner, Nagaur) | 6–12 |
| Tharparkar | Rajasthan (Jaisalmer) | 8–14 |
| Haryana | Haryana | 6–10 |
Common Diseases: Foot-and-Mouth Disease, Brucellosis, Mastitis, Theileriosis, Tick Fever
Prevention:
- Regular vaccination (FMD, Hemorrhagic Septicemia, Brucellosis)
- Clean animal shed
- Isolate sick animals
Government Schemes: National Dairy Development Programme, National Animal Disease Control Programme, Rajasthan Gopal Yojana
🐃 2. Buffalo Rearing
Major Breeds: Murrah (Haryana, Punjab – 10–18 liters), Jaffarabadi (Gujarat – 8–12 liters), Mehsana (Gujarat – 8–10 liters), Nagpuri (Maharashtra – 6–8 liters)
Common Diseases: Mastitis, FMD, Brucellosis, Udder Rot, Hemorrhagic Septicemia
Prevention:
- Hygienic milking practices
- Regular deworming
- Balanced diet and calcium supplements
Government Schemes: Rashtriya Gokul Mission, Dairy Entrepreneurship Development Scheme
🐐 3. Goat Rearing
Major Breeds: Sirohi (Rajasthan – 1–2 liters), Jamunapari (U.P. – 2–3 liters), Barbari (U.P. – 1–2 liters), Beetal (Punjab – 1.5 liters)
Common Diseases: PPR (Goat Plague), FMD, Goat Pox, Intestinal Worms, Pneumonia
Prevention:
- PPR vaccination once a year
- Deworming every 3–4 months
- Multivitamins and mineral supplements
Government Schemes: National Livestock Mission, Rajasthan Goat Rearing Subsidy Scheme
🐏 4. Sheep Rearing
Major Breeds: Malpuri (Rajasthan – wool & meat), Patanwadi (Gujarat – wool), Muzaffarnagari (U.P. – wool & meat)
Common Diseases: PPR, Sheep Pox, Foot Rot, Worm Infestation
Prevention:
- PPR vaccination
- Regular foot cleaning
- Deworming
Government Schemes: Rajasthan Sheep Development Scheme, National Livestock Mission
🐓 5. Poultry Farming
Major Breeds:
- Kadaknath (Meat – 1.5–2 kg in 6 months)
- Desi (Egg/Meat – 150–200 eggs/year)
- Layer (Egg – 280–300 eggs/year)
- Broiler (Meat – 1.5–2 kg in 40 days)
Common Diseases: Newcastle Disease, IBH, Gumboro, CRD (Respiratory Disease)
Prevention:
- Newcastle vaccine (7th day)
- Gumboro vaccine (14th day)
- Clean housing and medicines
Government Schemes: Poultry Venture Capital Fund, Backyard Poultry Scheme (Rajasthan)
📌 Special Schemes in Rajasthan
- National Livestock Mission – Loans & subsidies for all livestock
- Rajasthan Dairy Development Scheme – Dairy production support
- Animal Vaccination Programme – Free vaccination camps
- Livestock Insurance Scheme – Insurance against death/disease
- Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana – Fisheries development support
✅ Conclusion:
In Rajasthan, livestock rearing—especially cows, buffaloes, goats, sheep, and poultry—is a stable and profitable source of income for farmers. With proper management, regular vaccination, and utilization of government schemes, farmers can significantly increase their earnings from animal husbandry.
